Strategies for Management of Bile Duct Injury During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

We encountered 10 patients with bile duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Their causes were electrocautery in 2 patients, misjudgment in 2, mechanical injury in 3, aberrant bile duct in 2, and weakness of the bile duct wall in one. The sites of injury were cystic duct in 4 patients, common bile duct in 2, aberrant bile duct in 2, common hepatic duct in one, and common bile duct plus right hepatic duct in one. Treatments for the injuries discovered intraoperatively consisted of T-tube drainage above in 2 patients, re-ligation of the cystic duct in one, ligation of an aberrant bile duct in one, simple suture and T-tube in one, and choledochojejunostomy in one. In the remaining 4 patients discovered postoperatively, 2 were conservatively treated by endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage. The duration of hospitalization was 9-12 days in the 4 patients with simple suture or ligation, 10-21 days in 2 cases of bile drainage, and 34-43 days in 3 with T-tube drainage. The patient with choledochojejunostomy suffered repeated cholangitis, resulting in hepatic abscess with hospitalization for 6 months. Since laparoscopic surgery should be minimally invasive, meticulous attention is necessary before and during surgery to avoid bile duct injury.